N05.9
DESCRIPTION
Presents with a varied combination of:
- painless macroscopic turbid, bloody or brownish urine
- peripheral and periorbital oedema
- pulmonary oedema (circulatory overload)
- hypertension or hypertensive encephalopathy with impaired level of consciousness or convulsions
- little or no urine excretion.
In children, this is commonly due to acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis.
GENERAL MEASURES
- Give oxygen, and nurse in Semi-Fowlers position if patient has respiratory distress.
- Early referral essential especially if patient had a hypertensive episode or fluid overload.
- If dehydrated or shocked: Treat immediately. See Shock.
MEDICINE TREATMENT
For management See Acute Kidney Injury.
REFERRAL
All cases.
The definitive treatment of nephritis depends on the cause – an assumption of acute post streptococcal nephritis or any other disease cannot be made without specific investigation which may include renal biopsy.