Aphthous ulcers

K12.0

• Description
• Medicine treatment
• Referral

DESCRIPTION

Painful ulcers in the mouth, except the gums, hard palate and dorsum of the tongue. Minor ulcers (< 1 cm diameter) usually heal within 10 days. Major ulcers (> 1 cm diameter) are very painful, often very deep and persist. Major ulcers usually indicate advanced HIV infection.

MEDICINE TREATMENT

Minor aphthous ulcers:

Children < 6 years of age

• Paracetamol, oral, 10–15mg/kg/dose 6 hourly when required. See paediatric dosing tool.

Children > 6 years of age and adults

• Tetracaine 0.5%, topical, applied every 6 hours.
  • Apply a thin layer on the affected areas only (may be used inside mouth).

Note: Safety in children < 6 years of age has not been established.

REFERRAL

• Major ulcers for further diagnostic evaluation.
• Ulcers that are not healing within 10 days.