Superior Vena Cava Syndrome

I87.1

• Description
• General Measures
• Medicine Treatment
• Referral

DESCRIPTION

Superior Vena Cava (SVC) obstruction may be seen in lung cancer, germ cell tumours, lymphomas, thyroid carcinomas, and metastatic mediastinal tumours. Indwelling central venous catheters may cause SVC syndrome due to venous thrombosis.

Patients present with: cough, dyspnea, dysphagia, facial oedema, or upper extremity swelling or discoloration, with development of collateral venous circulation.

GENERAL MEASURES

Histological diagnosis is essential for definitive management.

Head elevation and supplementary oxygen.

MEDICINE TREATMENT

Maintain normovolaemia.

• Sodium chloride 0.9%, IV, 1000 mL 8 hourly.
• Corticosteroids may be considered in consultation with a specialist.

REFERRAL

Refer for histological diagnosis, and further management.