D78.9
DESCRIPTION
Hyperviscosity is seen in patients with Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia and multiple myeloma, while leucostasis may be seen in patients with acute leukaemias and chronic myeloid leukaemia with high white cell counts. Sludging and decreased perfusion of the microvasculature and vascular stasis occur due to increased paraproteins or leucostasis.
Patients present with spontaneous bleeding, visual signs and symptoms, and neurologic defects.
GENERAL MEASURES
Perform investigations: FBC, peripheral blood smear, serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).
Monitor urine, electrolytes and creatinine.
REFERRAL
Ensure adequate hydration and refer.