Midtrimester miscarriage (from 13–22 weeks gestation)

O03.4/O.03.9


GENERAL MEASURES

Counselling.
Evacuation of the uterus after the fetus has been expelled.

MEDICINE TREATMENT

If no cervical dilatation:

  • Misoprostol, PV/SL/buccal, 200 mcg every 4–6 hours until expulsion of the products of conception.
    • Duration of treatment must not exceed 5 doses over 24 hours.

LoEIII [18]

Previous Caesarean delivery:

  • Misoprostol, PV/SL/buccal 100 mcg every 4–6 hours until expulsion of the products of conception.
    • Duration of treatment must not exceed 5 doses over 24 hours.

LoEII [19]

If cervical dilatation already present:

  • Oxytocin, IV.
    • Dilute 20 units in 1 L sodium chloride 0.9%, i.e. 20 milliunits/mL solution, and infuse at 125 mL/hour.
    • Reduce rate if strong contractions are experienced.

Note: Check serum sodium if used for more than 24 hours because of the danger of dilutional hyponatraemia.

For analgesia:

  • Morphine, IV, to a maximum dose of 10 mg (See MORPHINE, IV, for individual dosing and monitoring for response and toxicity).

If Rh-negative: (O36.0)

  • Anti-D immunoglobulin, IM, 100 mcg as a single dose.

REFERRAL

  • Uterine abnormalities.
  • Recurrent miscarriages (3 consecutive spontaneous miscarriages).
  • Suspected cervical weakness: mid-trimester miscarriage(s) with minimal pain and bleeding.
  • Diabetes mellitus.
  • Parental genetic defects and SLE or other causes of autoimmune disease.