| Level I | Good quality evidence |
Systematic review of RCTs with consistent findings High quality individual RCT |
| Level II |
Limited quality patient orientated evidence |
Systematic review of lower quality studies or studies with inconsistent findings Low quality clinical trial Cohort studies Case-control studies |
| Level III | Other |
Consensus guidelines, extrapolations from bench research, usual practice, opinion, disease-oriented evidence (intermediate or physiologic outcomes only), or case series |
[11] Urine protein monitoring by dipstix: McFarlane P. Gilbert RE, MacCallum L, Senior P. Chronic Kidney Disease in Diabetes. Can J Diabetes 37 (2013) S129eS136.
Urine protein monitoring by dipstix: The Society for Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa Type 2 Diabetes Guidelines Expert Committee. The 2017 SEMDSA Guideline for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Guideline Committee. JEMDSA 2017; 21(1)(Supplement 1): S1-S196. http://www.jemdsa.co.za/index.php/JEMDSA/article/view/647/937
Urine protein monitoring by dipstix: Noubiap JJ, Naidoo J, Kengne AP. Diabetic nephropathy in Africa: A systematic review. World J Diabetes. 2015 Jun 10;6(5):759-73. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26069725
Urine protein monitoring by dipstix: MR Davids, N Marais, JC Jacobs. South African Renal Registry. Annual Report 2012. South African Renal Society, Cape Town 2014. http://sa-renalsociety.org/registry/