Abscess, peritonsillar

J36


DESCRIPTION

Peritonsillar abscess or quinsy is a collection of pus lateral to the tonsil, i.e. underneath it pushing it toward the midline. Infections are often polymicrobial. It typically presents with trismus and sore throat. Other features include:

  • unilateral throat pain
  • dysphagia
  • drooling
  • muffled voice
  • fever

SURGICAL MEASURES

Drainage of pus is the most important intervention.
There are 3 main methods:

  • needle aspiration of pus;
  • incision and drainage;
  • abscess tonsillectomy, either unilateral or bilateral.

MEDICINE TREATMENT

Antibiotic therapy

Total duration of therapy: 10 days.

  • Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, IV, 1.2 g 8 hourly.

Follow with oral therapy as soon as patient can swallow and the temperature is <37.8oC for 24 hours:

  • Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, oral, 875/125 mg 12 hourly.

Severe penicillin allergy: (Z88.0)

  • Clindamycin, IV, 600 mg 8 hourly.

Follow with oral therapy as soon as patient can swallow and the temperature is <37.8oC for 24 hours:

  • Clindamycin, oral, 450 mg 8 hourly.

For pain:

  • NSAID, oral: e.g.
  • Ibuprofen, oral, 400 mg 8 hourly with or after meals.

REFERRAL

Referral for ENT and/or anaesthetic review:

Urgent

  • Signs of airway compromise (e.g. stridor).
  • Suspicion of infective spread beyond the peritonsillar space.