Most commonly used crystalloid for perioperative fluid maintenance:
- Sodium chloride 0.9%, IV.
Higher sodium content than indicated if there is a perioperative risk of hyponatraemia e.g. transurethral resection of prostate.
Balanced solutions may be appropriate in some patients (i.e. presentation with hyponatraemia, previous renal placement therapy):
- Balanced solution, e.g.:
- Ringer Lactate, IV.